Message Bindings | Fern Documentation

AsyncAPI 中的绑定允许您为服务器、通道、操作和消息指定协议特定信息。这使您能够为不同的消息协议提供详细配置。

asyncapi.yml

channels:
  user/notifications:
    address: user/notifications
    messages:
      UserNotification:
        $ref: '#/components/messages/UserNotification'
    bindings:
      ws:
        method: GET
        query:
          type: object
          properties:
            token:
              type: string
              description: Authentication token

WebSocket 绑定

为实时通信配置 WebSocket 特定设置：

asyncapi.yml

channels:
  chat/room:
    address: chat/room/{roomId}
    bindings:
      ws:
        method: GET
        headers:
          type: object
          properties:
            Authorization:
              type: string
        query:
          type: object
          properties:
            userId:
              type: string
            roomId:
              type: string
operations:
  sendMessage:
    action: send
    channel:
      $ref: '#/channels/chat~1room'
    bindings:
      ws:
        type: request
        method: message

MQTT 绑定

为 IoT 和消息应用程序配置 MQTT 特定设置：

asyncapi.yml

channels:
  device/telemetry:
    address: device/{deviceId}/telemetry
    bindings:
      mqtt:
        qos: 1
        retain: true
        messageExpiryInterval: 3600
        
servers:
  mqtt-broker:
    host: mqtt.example.com
    protocol: mqtt
    bindings:
      mqtt:
        clientId: device-client
        cleanSession: false
        keepAlive: 60
        will:
          topic: device/status
          payload: "offline"
          qos: 1
          retain: true

Kafka 绑定

为高吞吐量事件流配置 Kafka 特定设置：

asyncapi.yml

channels:
  user.events:
    address: user.events
    bindings:
      kafka:
        topic: user.events
        partitions: 10
        replicas: 3
        topicConfiguration:
          cleanup.policy: ["delete"]
          retention.ms: 604800000
          segment.ms: 86400000
operations:
  publishUserEvent:
    action: send
    channel:
      $ref: '#/channels/user.events'
    bindings:
      kafka:
        groupId: user-event-processors
        key:
          type: string
          description: User ID for partitioning

服务器绑定

配置协议特定的服务器设置：

asyncapi.yml

servers:
  websocket-server:
    host: ws.example.com
    protocol: wss
    description: WebSocket server with SSL
    bindings:
      ws:
        headers:
          type: object
          properties:
            X-API-Version:
              type: string
              const: "v1"
        
  kafka-cluster:
    host: kafka.example.com:9092
    protocol: kafka
    bindings:
      kafka:
        schemaRegistryUrl: https://schema-registry.example.com
        schemaRegistryVendor: confluent

消息绑定

配置特定协议如何处理消息：

asyncapi.yml

components:
  messages:
    OrderEvent:
      name: OrderEvent
      contentType: application/json
      payload:
        $ref: '#/components/schemas/Order'
      bindings:
        kafka:
          key:
            type: string
            description: Order ID for consistent partitioning
          headers:
            type: object
            properties:
              eventType:
                type: string
                enum: [created, updated, cancelled]
        mqtt:
          qos: 2
          retain: false

HTTP 绑定

用于基于 HTTP 的协议，如 Server-Sent Events：

asyncapi.yml

channels:
  events/stream:
    address: /events/stream
    bindings:
      http:
        type: response
        method: GET
        query:
          type: object
          properties:
            lastEventId:
              type: string
              description: Last received event ID for resumption
operations:
  streamEvents:
    action: send
    channel:
      $ref: '#/channels/events~1stream'
    bindings:
      http:
        type: response
        statusCode: 200
        headers:
          type: object
          properties:
            Content-Type:
              type: string
              const: text/event-stream

绑定提供了灵活性，可以利用协议特定功能，同时在不同传输机制之间维护统一的 API 规范。